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All images © by Roberto Piperno, owner of the domain. Write to romapip@quipo.it. Text edited by Rosamie Moore.

Map of Paros Paris (Paros)        

Key dates:
1207 Marco Sanudo a Venetian adventurer conquered Nasso and the nearby islands including Paris
1566 The last Duke of Nasso, Jacopo IV Crispo was cashiered by the Sultan
1645-69 During the War of Candia the Venetians often controlled the Cycladic islands including Paris

Paris, as the Venetians called Paros, is the second largest island of the Cyclades. In ancient times it was famous for its white marble which was used for many important statues and also for temples (Tempio di Castore e Polluce in Rome). Two large bays on the western (Paroikia) and northern (Naoussa) coasts were important natural harbours.

Paroikia

View of Paro
View of Paroikia

The Venetian town was built on a mound at the centre of the bay; the expansion of Paroikia and the modern road at the edge of the sea make it difficult to realize the fortified appearance it had in the past.

Fortified town
The fortified town and the main tower

The main fortification of Paroikia was a huge tower built with stones of the ancient temples: its purpose was to block an attack coming from land.

Gates
Gates

The houses were arranged in order to form a barrier with only a few openings giving access to the town.

Architecture
Cycladic architecture

Paroikia and the other villages of the island have perhaps the finest buildings of the so-called Cycladic architecture which in recent times spread to almost all Greek islands, even where there was a very different kind of traditional architecture.

Main church
Main church of the fortified town and Ottoman influence

The Ottoman rule on many Cycladic islands did not actually impact on the everyday life of the inhabitants who were allowed to maintain their religious beliefs; the only remaining evidence of this domination can be found in the adoption of an Ottoman pattern in the decoration of a fountain and in the presence of a cross made up of typical Ottoman ceramics, most likely from Iznik (Nicea).

Basilica
Panagia Ekatondapiliani and a typical Byzantine capital

The Venetians did not pull down ancient temples to erect their marble tower, because these buildings had already been pulled down during the VIth century when Emperor Justinian decided to eradicate the allegiance to the pagan gods. In some locations (often because of shrines e.g. Ephesus, Aphrodisia) the old temples were still regarded as a valuable memory of happier times. The many temples which still existed in Paroikia became the quarries providing the construction material for a large complex of churches, chapels and other religious buildings. This explains why it is called "Church of the 100 doors".

Basilica
Detail of the matroneum and of the baptistery

Panagia Ekatondapiliani retains some very interesting features of the early Christian buildings including a matroneum (women's gallery) and a very rare basin for full immersion baptism.

Naoussa

Naoussa
Naoussa

Today Naoussa is a booming tourist resort disfigured by a reckless real estate development: the many beaches of its large bay attract so many foreigners that unlike Paroikia very little is left of the old small town. The Dukes of Nasso built a tower to protect the harbour; this fortification was later on expanded by the Ottomans who added to it a battery of cannon.

Detail of the tower XVIIth century coat of arms
Detail of the Ottoman fortification and XVIIth century Venetian coat of arms

The Ottoman addition was built in the second half of the XVIIth century after the War of Candia during which the Venetians gained control of most of the Cyclades: the bay of Naoussa was perfectly located at the centre of the Archipelago, as this group of islands was called, so the Venetian fleet often used it as a base. A 1662 coat of arms of a Venetian commander is now walled on a modern bridge near the harbour.

Wandering about

Agios Antonios
The monastery of Agios Antonios on the site of a former Venetian castle

A third Venetian fortified site was located on a hill on the eastern coast of the island: its remaining few walls were included in a monastery built at a later date.
Paros was important not only for its central location and its natural harbours, but also because its fertile soil allowed the farming of a wide variety of crops.

Agriculture
Agriculture was very important for Paros as its many windmills prove

Introductory page on the Venetian Fortresses

Map of the fortresses Corfu Butrinto Dodoni Ioanina Parga Paxi Preveza Nikopolis Vonizza Santamaura/Lefkada Asso Itaca Patrasso, Castel di Rumelia, Castel di Morea Lepanto Cefalonia Zante Navarino Calamata Castel Tornese and Glarenza Modon Corone Mistrà Malvasia Castelrosso Schiatto Scopello Alonisso Negroponte Oreo Corinto Egina Atene Hadrian's Athens Napoli di Romania/Nafplio Argo Cerigo/Kythira Tinos Micono Milo Nasso Candia/Creta Fortresses of Maina Lemno Stampalia Scio Schiro Andro Spezzia Imbro Tenedo Patmo Lero Calimno Metelino Metimno Cunda Candarli Fochies Cismes Argentiera Sifno Serifo Paris Antiparis Siro Rhodes Coo Castel S. Pietro Lindos Nissiros Symi Castelrosso (Kastelorizo) The Asklepeion of Kos Santorino Folegandros Afrodisias Ephesus Kale Sultanieh Kilitbahir Pergamum Sardis Seddulbahir Roman Smyrna Delphi Priene Miletus Didyma Iasos Euromos Milas Eleusis Roman Corinth default - Corfù
Clickable map: hover on the dots

On the Ionian Islands:     Corfù (Kerkyra)     Paxo (Paxi)     Santa Maura (Lefkadas)     Cefalonia (Kephallonia)     Asso (Assos)     Itaca (Ithaki)     Zante (Zachintos)     Cerigo (Kythera)
On the mainland: Butrinto (Butrint)     Parga     Preveza and Azio (Aktion)     Vonizza (Vonitsa)     Lepanto (Nafpaktos)     Atene (Athens)
On Morea:     Castel di Morea (Rio), Castel di Rumelia (Antirio) and Patrasso (Patra)     Castel Tornese (Hlemoutsi) and Glarenza     Navarino (Pilo) and Calamata     Modon (Methoni)     Corone (Koroni)     Braccio di Maina, Zarnata, Passavà and Chielefà     Mistrà     Corinto (Korinthos)     Argo (Argos)     Napoli di Romania (Nafplio)     Malvasia (Monemvassia)
On the Aegean Sea:     Negroponte (Chalki)     Castelrosso (Karistos)     Oreo     Lemno (Limnos)     Schiatto (Skiathos)     Scopello (Skopelos)     Alonisso     Schiro (Skyros)     Andro (Andros)     Tino (Tinos)     Micono (Mykonos)     Siro (Syros)     Egina (Aegina)     Spezzia (Spetse)     Paris (Paros)     Antiparis (Andiparos)     Nasso (Naxos)     Serifo (Serifos)     Sifno (Syphnos)     Milo (Milos)     Argentiera (Kimolos)     Santorino (Thira)     Folegandro (Folegandros)     Stampalia (Astipalea)     Candia (Kriti)
Genoese Bases:     Metelino (Mytilini)     Metimno (Molyvos)     Cunda (Alibey)     Fochies (Foca)     Candarli     Cismes (Cesme)     Scio (Chios)
Fortresses of the Knights of Rhodes:     Lero (Leros)     Calimno (Kalimnos)     Coo (Kos)     Castel S. Pietro (Bodrum)     Symi     Nissiros     Rhodes (Rodos)     Lindos     Castelrosso (Kastelorizo)     Other fortresses
Ottoman fortresses:     Imbro (Gokceada)     Tenedo (Bozcaada)     Seddulbahir     Kale Sultanieh (Canakkale)     Cilitbahir
Other locations shown in the map:     Patmos     Dodoni (Dodona)     Nikopolis     Roman Corinth     Hadrian's Athens     Pergamum     Roman Smyrna     Sardis (Sart)     Ephesus     Afrodisia     Delphi     Eleusis     Ioanina    Kos    Priene    Miletus    Didyma    Iasos    Euromos    Milas

You may refresh your knowledge of the history of Venice in the Levant by reading an abstract from the History of Venice by Thomas Salmon, published in 1754. The Italian text is accompanied by an English summary.